CBD Safety & Liver Health: Breaking Down the FDA Study

Oh. Welcome to the CBD Ed Show. I'm, um, your host, Ed Cheney, along with beautiful Kimberly Rose. Hello, everyone. This is the best part of our week. Yes, it is. And it's pretty Friday. And it's Friday and I think we do that intentionally, right? Yes. Yeah, we're all in good moods and yeah, it just works out well for the energy of the show. Now today there's energy also on our subject. Mhm. Because our subject, you know, we're always looking for why, what's behind the message. And today we have a FDA funded randomized clinical trial that's evaluating cannabidiol, CBD and liver enzyme levels in healthy adults. Now it's interesting that this study was done in 2003. Why are we just now talking about it? Oh, I thought. Why did. I think it was 2023. 2023. I uh, said 2003. Thank you for clarifying. And 20, 23. Yeah. So why are we just talking about it today? Well, because we really didn't have any authoritative review other than the peer reviews, which were not very relevant at all. But we had a doctor chime in and she exposed some of the component of this study and the relevancy to humans. And that's what we're going to share with you today. It just took somebody, you know, with PhD to kind of reveal some of the issue. Now here's what we're doing for you today. We're revealing all of that and including ChatGPT AI into the mix so that you have a good base of information that really came from this study that's usable. Right. Because if it's just a message, oh, you know, you shouldn't do that. Uh, that's not really helpful. No, it's really not. And I mean also I think maybe they did it, um, on humans as opposed to maybe rats way back when. So again, making it more valid, making that message more, more valid. So FDA's message would be, as you'll see in here, is, you know, hey, be careful using cbd. It could harm you. Yeah, I want, it's, it's interesting that they spun it that way. Yeah. When in reality the study shows. Yeah, wait. Yeah, wait till we get done it. There are two sides of this story, but we're not going to play sides. We're instead going to give relevant information so that you make good, healthy decisions. That that's what we're all about and we have the access to be able to provide this for you. Let's get started because we do have a lot to talk about. So we're diving into the concerns around this report and CBD and ah, its effect on your liver. So again, they funded, the fda, funded this thing. They mentioned in the study some specific. Using 201 healthy adults, daily doses of 1500 milligrams of CBD isolate. Now that's a particular important piece to consider. A, uh, daily dose, 1500 milligrams. But the second piece of that is a CBD isolate. Uh, now they did this for a total of six weeks. So 1500 milligrams a day per person and they did that for six weeks. What? First of all, I'm just going to say that's a lot of CBD. Well, let's do the, let's do the math. So six weeks is six, uh, times seven, do the math, is 42. No. So, yeah. So anyway, so let's just say we're in that 40 for the easy of easiness of math. Uh, Kim, what do you think the cost of 1500 milligrams of CBD would be? Just an isolate. You're going to. You're going to be in hundreds of dollars easily. Yeah. So. Well, let's just say that this is about $50 a day per person. Yeah. All right. That's easy for me to do the math. So $50 a day. We are, um. Let's go 50 days on this to keep that math simple. Right. Nobody's spending $2,500 on CBD. Not today. No. Definitely not. For only six weeks. And what. Why Nobody's doing that. You don't need to. Um. All right, now. And that's even if my math is correct. Yeah. All right. I think. Anyway. Um, so if that. That's point number one and point number two, that I want you to consider. It's a CBD isolate instead of a broad spec or a full spectrum. In other words, all the components of the plant. This one isolate means that the CBD was pulled from the plant. Right. Okay, very good. Um, maybe they used an isolate just because they were going to use such a high dose. Again, I don't know why they use such a high dose. It just seems odd. Yeah. And I appreciate you being the consumer, and I think that's a great position for you today, and I'll stay to the facts. Yeah, you like that? Yeah. All right. So do I. All right, let's go down this road. All right. The study design, randomized double blind placebo, controlled. Compared a high dose of CBD to a placebo. What their outcome was to measure liver enzyme levels. Now, I will take a moment to, a little bit later into the show, explain why enzyme levels should be something of a concern to you. I'll make sure you understand what that is. Uh, now, the two big groups of enzymes were ALT and ast. ALT is alanine aminotransference. Um, and the AST is aspartate aminotransference. These are enzymes that signal potential liver stress and damage when they're elevated. Think of them like a check engine light. I like that. Yeah. Right. So these get elevated. All of a sudden your liver's like, okay, I'm in a little bit of a stress mode right now. Yeah. Okay. Most participants had no liver enzyme problems. You did say most. Only 9% in the CBD group had mild elevations. Okay. Nine percent in the CBD group had mild, mild elevations in liver. These elevations were temporary and resolved without stopping the cbd. Okay. Now, again, this is directly from the study. Mhm. And then finally, no severe liver injury or signs of liver failure were reported among any of them. 1500 milligrams a day times six weeks. Good. Yeah. All right, so no difference in side effects between the CBD and the placebo group. So no side effects, uh, other than what they were looking for with these. Enzymes, no other side effects were noticed and no difference in hormonal or cardiovascular markers were noticed also. So again, I'll say that. So no differences in hormonal or cardiovascular markers were noticed. Now again, I think there has been discussions, uh, about hormones related to the use of cbd. And again, this is an FDA funded study that says no. Yeah. No cortisol, no estrogen, no testosterone, no effects in your production of these very key hormones. Okay. And I did separate that part of the study and asked, uh, AI to reflect on it for me. Uh, and I got the same thing. Okay. Why this matters to CBD users. And I'm just kind of going through this real quick and then we can talk more. Mhm. Uh, let's emphasize on the big picture. Cbd, a very high dose, is generally well tolerated in people. Most people use far lower doses than what was tested. Again, uh, I don't think, I don't think anybody is willing to shell out that kind of dough. But you, uh, and I have been in this business for seven, eight years now and I've never seen it. I mean, I don't even give, uh, our equine line does not go that high. It does not for a horse. Uh, yeah, I'm, I'm, I'm thinking maybe a 200 mil. I'm trying to. I've been sitting here while you're talking and thinking. Okay. On a daily basis throughout the whole day. Yeah. Uh, oh, you mean. Yeah, very good. Okay. And that's an, that's an interesting observation. Instead of just looking at single dose like a tincture or a gummy. Yeah, that was very smart. So you probably could get up to 200 then. I could maybe on a stressful day, or if I am feeling pain, um, from whatever, I might get up to 200. But that's a full spectrum. So that's not even, that's not even the same. Well, you'll see in here. Yeah, it speaks to that. So how's that cost to you? What's the cost? Uh, 200 milligrams zero. Yeah. Well, yeah, for me personally, yes. Um, but the cost, because you have so many variables in there. You could be doing a gummy, you could be doing topical roll on soaps, you could be doing tinctures. Uh, so yeah, for me to ask you really what that cause was really had. No, no, wait. Here you have it all. Because you have it. All right, all right, let's uh, keep going. So this study helps address fears sparked by older mouse studies or reports taken out of content so that was nice that that study helped to resolve some of that stuff. Hm. But this study used pure CBD isolate, not full spectrum or broad spectrum cbd. That means all the components pulled together so that all by itself. Itself. There is no report. And I'm pretty sure Dr. Bonnie Goldstein will, Will support this. Uh, there was when we looked, and I say it was AI and myself, we looked and we could not find any relevant studies suggesting that there was an elevation in liver enzymes from the use of full spectrum, period. There wasn't even a hint of it. Yeah. Okay. Let'S move over to. Hey, let's talk about liver enzymes. I told you about the two, uh, ALT and ast. Uh, it was already suggested. Consider that as a check engine light. Yeah. Uh, now, how does CBD affect liver enzymes? Why is it coming up in a liver study? It's because CBD processes, is processed in the liver like many medications. Right. And so an enzyme goes in and what, breaks it down and filters it? I mean, I know the liver is like your filter. Uh, it is your filter. But for this particular instance, medications and such, it's metabolizing it. Okay. So it does its thing and then it sends it out to the body. Yes. Okay. All right. Clinical trials have found the 5% is healthy adults, uh, that were taking this large amount of daily, uh, cbd, you know, had elevated enzymes. We already knew that. Uh, see here. Now, it suggested who would be more at risk. And they did find that there were more women in that 6% or that 9% of the group. They found that there was more women. Uh, they also found that those using CBD isolate, not cbd, uh, not, uh, full spectrum. And then finally, people taking medications that stress their liver, like anti epileptics. Right. And then finally, individuals with pre existing liver conditions. Yeah, okay. Those were, uh, a group that were more at risk. Now, uh, here's a, uh, here's a bottom line thought coming from, uh, my inquirer about what are liver enzymes and how is this study affecting them? And here, here's the bottom line presented to me by AI. Mild liver enzyme elevations can happen with cbd, especially at higher doses. For most healthy users, it's a reversible sign of stress, not lasting harm. Smart, informed use of cbd, especially full spectrum, low to moderate dose products, is key to not having this issue. Right, that came right from an inquiry. Okay, so liver enzymes, clear. Anything? Yeah, I mean, I've talked to many customers because, uh, you know, as you age, obviously, uh, a lot of individuals get on, uh, Prescriptions. And, uh, so I'm always asking if. Do you have a grapefruit warning on any of your prescriptions and that type of situation, but other than. I mean, I don't know. This is so odd, because I've been taking CBD on a daily basis since 2017. I get checked out every year. Yeah. I even have them check my liver, make sure everything's working out just fine. And I've never, ever had any doctor. Say, oh, your enzymes are elevated. Something's happening. Now, again, I say if I have, like, a really stressful day or if I've hurt myself at the gym or did too much y. Work or whatever it is. And, uh, I. I might get up to 200 milligrams a day, but that's combining. Like, I'll do an oil in the morning. I always do my salve before we go to the gym. Yeah. Yeah, I knew I might do a little more salve or a little more oil in the afternoon if I'm feeling the. The anxiety or the pain. And then I'll do, um, either a gummy or an oil before I go to bed. 200 milligrams, really? Still sounds very high for me. Now, they're all full spectrum, so you don't need that much. It's just more powerful. Cbd. Yeah. Uh, more capable. Yeah. More potent, even. So, again, so just so that we're clear, a full spectrum means that all the cannabinoids, uh, in the plant, uh, can be present. It really is dependent upon manufacturers like. Like Canophil, who will say, I want this cannabinoid, this cannabinoid, this cannabinoid present in my. My, uh, distillate, my full spectrum extracted, uh, product. Um, but, you know, all the. All the. The cannabinoids can then be present. When you talk about an isolate, an isolate is extracted, uh, distilled out of, uh, the. The biomass that comes from that plant. Yeah. It doesn't look anything like a plant. No. Like, it came from a plant. It's a white powder, and it's. It's not. We always had a bad taste about that, didn't we? Yeah. From the very beginning, we didn't allow it. Right. We never connected with it, is what we should say. Good point. All right, good point. Uh, so, uh. So there you go. There is some understanding about that study, some outcome of the statistics that came from it, and then some perspectives, both from the study itself and from an AI Review. Yeah. All right, now let's jump in. Talk about Bonnie Goldstein. Yeah. This is interesting because I got an email, uh, the other day from Project CBD and talking about this study and all of this stuff, and I, I sent it off to Ed because I was like, this is very interesting. Ah, we love Bonnie Goldstein. We've probably followed her, what, for three or four years now? Yeah. We did a show on her book. She has a great book out. Um, and she had a thought about this, this article. I don't know if it was more of an article or the study. No, it was a study. Okay. She responded to the FDA funded liver study with both critique and clarification. Great. Yeah. And that's what we're going to share with you right now. Yeah. And she is a cannabis doctor. She is. She is also the author of Cannabis is Medicine. Yes. So, uh, yes, she uses cannabis, uh, cannabis based therapies, uh, and has notably treated thousands of patients. Yeah. Again, we love her because she has so much wonderful knowledge about the plant. Most doctors just don't have that knowledge yet. And she does. Yeah. Yeah. Okay, so a little bit of that intro. Widely, uh, recognized as one of the country's top physician voices in cannabis science. Um, now, as she responds to this, the study, remember, gave 1500 milligrams of CBD isolate daily, four, six weeks. And Dr. Goldstein's biggest point was this study doesn't reflect how real people actually use cbd. So unfortunately, that's kind of helpful to understand that it was good in one way that the. FDA say I need to find out where the limits are. Yeah, let's go to the extreme. That is great for fda. I think I was a smart move. Uh, but then when the public consumes this information, there needs to be that clarity. Yeah, I just, I didn't understand why the spin. Yeah, there was a lot of spinning. And you know what it could have been, you know, other competing products. It's. Yeah, some many reasons why. Right. Lobbyists want to jump in because they're getting paid to do it or something like that. All right, and the other one, Average consumer doses are normally 25-100mg. Except for Ken, again, on a bad day, I'm saying I might get up to 200, but my average is right around 75. Well, you know, we had a podcast last week, uh, regarding restless leg. I might be jumping up close to that 200 mark too. Yeah. All right. Anyway, topic. Doing a lot of topical applications lately. All right, let's keep going. Average consumer doses are 25-100mg per day. And often full or broad spectrum, not an isolate. So why this? Why study an unrealistic dose and product type if the goal was to protect consumers? Now I love that statement. Thank you very much, Dr. Goldstein. FDA funded this. That means they supported it. So in part, she is correct. Mhm. Why didn't, why, why, why, why this unrealistic dose? And, and if an FDA is supposed to be in a position for protecting consumers, but the study might have an alternative agenda, like you and I just spoke. Maybe he was looking for limits. Yeah, and that's always good. It's for us to know the limits. Right. It's just like anything. And we talk about this with so many things on this show. You know, if you abuse something, then it's not going to have the best outcome. Now we shared with you that full spectrum. So much better. Let's, let's see what, uh, Dr. Bonnie Goldstein has to say. She explains that CBD isolate behaves differently than full spectrum. CBD isolate lacks the balance compounds like other cannabinoids, cbg, cbd, CB or thc, thcv, terpene flavonoids. Found normally in full and broad spectrum products. Higher doses of isolates may have a different metabolic burden. I like that. Sounds better than what we normally say. Yeah, it's just better. Well, and we've, we've covered this in a study, right, or in a show before where, uh, you need to use more isolate than you do full spectrum. There's no bell curve or what was that curve? There was a curve that we talked about way back when. Yeah. So it is, uh. It is the, um. Oh, so you're making me right now. We're on the spot. Yes. But a full spectrum does offer a bell curve. It's very. It's very potent. But it's not. It's not. It doesn't get potent by the more you use it. Yeah, it peaks, and then it doesn't matter how much you use. Right. All right, so, um, and, and. And it's. They base it off of, uh, the synergistic relationship of all those materials Dr. Bonnie Goldstein was talking about. The other cannabinoids, the terpenes, the flavonoids. That synergistic relationship between all those had the impact that the body knew what to do with the isolated product. The body likely is just not designed to process that. Right. It wants the whole shebang. Yeah. Not just the one guy. Okay, so. And as we keep going on this, um, Plus, very few people take CBD isolate in any clinical setting. Now, this comes from a physician. You and I may not always be aware of that, but I'm. I'm quite sure she is. And she urges researchers and regulators to study real world dosing and products instead of worst case scenarios. I absolutely love that request. That's perfect. Yeah. Now that you've done that, let's go down to real world cases. Yeah. Let's talk about the real. Right. The real stuff. I mean, we all know what. What the world does now, and what the world wants now is the drama. Sure. Yeah. But in real world, there's no drama. There's no drama here. Let's keep talking as she goes on about the liver enzymes. Key distinction. Elevated liver enzymes don't automatically mean liver damage. Dr. Goldstein emphasizes that minor alt elevations are often transient and clinically insignificant. Remember, she's reviewing the study, so she knew the levels of increase. She compares it to a speed bump, not a red light. She also calls the lack of clinical symptoms or evidence of liver disease in the study, even in those with elevated enzymes already there is a lack of that. Those symptoms or evidence of liver disease. Do you think? Maybe. But now that could be a scare tactic then. Yeah. Yeah. Do you think FDA is doing this because possibly they're going to get ready to say, okay, we can release this as a daily supplement. Well, we already know the path has already started. Yeah. Whether they're going to call it a daily supplement. I mean a dietary supplement. Still don't know yet. Yeah, but PATH is already created. It's already started. Um, and I know, uh, a lot of manufacturers are already gearing up. Uh, how about a takeaway from the CBD community? So Dr. Goldstein's message, this study doesn't mean low dose CBD is dangerous. It does show the need for better studies using actual consumer behaviors. An elevation in liver enzymes should be interpreted in context and not used to spark fear. The drama. Right now we believe in responsible use of science backed information. That has always been our very sound platform from which we operate. It is our foundation. Absolutely. So we also believe the consumer deserves better research than that really mirrors the actual use of CBD products that people are actually doing out there. Right. Yep. All right. Right. But again, we've talked about this again over and over. I don't know if it's Americans or just humans. Some people like to go above and beyond. I absolutely agree. That feels so good. I'm gonna take more. And I thought about that and I even wanted to say it was so unrealistic. But who's going to spend two grand a day on or two grand a, uh, week or whatever on cbd thinking, oh, wait, maybe there are some people out there that would do that. Right. Because I think there's a little bit of a chatter going on, um, with the amount of supplements that people are taking. Like there's, I mean, supplements, you know what I mean? Supplements are, they're, they're, they're good for you. But, ah, always taking too many supplements can have a problem with, have a problem. And I think that's why maybe females, because we are probably more susceptible to the, um, glamour that a supplement is. Oh. To the world. Right. Oh, that's going to do that for me. I'm going to take that. And I am like right there with all the other females I have consumed collagen, all the things I have. Now, have I gone back to just my one CBD supplement? Yes. And some vitamin D. Other than that, I'm just not going to be. So it sounds like you can go for the ride and then flush your system out. Yeah, I mean, uh, I'll take a supplement for, you know, I give it a good 60 days. I try and give it 60, 90 days and then I'm like, you know what? I've. That's not really doing anything. So I'm done. Well, I would like to say that both Kim and I, with all the knowledge that we've gained over 200 podcasts and all the relevant research that went into them running a, uh, uh, CBD manufacturing brand, uh, that we would both wholeheartedly agree that you do not need. Based on all this information, worry about any liver damage from any daily doses that are common to today's population. Yeah, yeah, I think, again, it's just like anything. If you drink a beer a day. Okay. If you're drinking, you know, five gallons of, uh, vodka or something, you're gonna have a problem. You can tell it's Friday already talking about booze. Okay. All right. Hey, how about a balanced look from our different AI artificial intelligence sources? Okay, so, again, so we've amassed a couple of them. We're trying to actually build one that is tailored to us going out and reviewing studies and analyzing data from a intelligent perspective, not from a hidden agenda place. Right. Okay. Yeah. So, uh, so this will become part of our show from now, from here, going forward, anytime we're reviewing data, you're. Going to have a little question and answer from ChatGPT from our AI model. Correct? Yes. Yeah. So, uh, so we're going to break this one down today. So the perspective set up, um, AI trained on medical literature and current research. Um, so here's how they're going to weigh in on the enzyme study along with Dr. Bonnie Goldstein's critique. And they're going, and of course. Uh, without bias or hype. Okay, so AI would likely, will likely acknowledge the study was well structured, randomized, placebo controlled and FDA funded. Good science. Mhm. All right, they're there, they're acknowledging that. But the dose was extremely high. 1500 milligrams CBD isolate. Daily observations. That's like studying the safety of drinking 15 cups of espresso a day to inform regular coffee drinkers. Didn't I just, Didn't I just say that? I know. Hey, this is, this is hard on you. Not coffee, but anywho. Right, but not reflective of an average consumer who's drinking. What? I know people freak out at three cups. Well, you, I mean, I'm a one cup girl. I can't go past it. Okay, okay. How about practicality meets clinical experience? Dr. Goldstein adds important real world clinical context, something studies often lack. Her challenge isn't to the science itself, right, you know me, I love slaughter words around here. Yes, the study shows CBD isolate at a very high dose doesn't really cause serious harm to the liver. Dr. Goldstein reminds us not to generalize extreme case results to a typical consumer using 25-100mg of full or broad spectrum of CBD. Here is an observation where the truth likely lies. Again coming from our AI model. CBD is not liver toxic at normal doses in healthy adults based on this and other researches. Because by the way, I do have it go out and include not just this but any other relevant researches. Yeah, liver enzyme elevation, when they happen, are mild, rare, and usually resolved on their own. And then finally, we still need more studies on realistic doses formulations and long term use, especially in people with liver conditions or polypharmacy. So final thoughts, the intelligent takeaway. Let's use studies like this to guide safe usage, not to create fear headlines. CBD is generally safe, but like anything should be used with mindfulness, especially with other medications or health conditions. And we can, we can be more specific for you of uh, when they talk about, especially with other medications, using it with other medications. Remember, enzymes that can metabolize some of those medications are also affected by cbd. They're increasing or you know, they're, they're regulating them. So they could increase them or decrease them, which means it can alter the amount of medication you actually end up with right after it's been metabolized. Yeah, that's the big concern between, uh, AI statement here of, uh, should be used with mindfulness, especially with other medications. Right. And by the way, we'll just share with you. It's the grapefruit warning medications. Right. Because they are metabolized by the same enzyme that is impacted by the ECS system. Notably, CBD has an impact on it. Yeah. On the. On the modulation of that enzyme production. Uh, okay, final thoughts, uh, wrap up at the end of the day. Neither the study nor Dr. Goldstein is wrong. They're just looking through different lenses and in the spaces between lab data and clinical experience. That's where the smart cbd, CBD use lives. I'm thinking that was pretty intelligent. Um, our AI model, again, uh, to keep in mind, went through as many resources as. Well, I can't say that they went through all resources that were available online. M. Why? Because they can, and they can do it in seconds. Me, I, uh, I'm, uh, moaning and complaining because it takes me hours, hours to research a single item. So. Yeah. And this is why I send you all all this information so that you can. You can do that work and thank, uh, you. Thankfully, you have an AI pal now and you can go through things quicker and pull out the nonsense. That's really what it does, right? It gets rid of the nonsense. Well, exactly. So I, uh, think. I think specifically, let's. Let's call it out. It. It is a intelligent look and not one with a message behind it. Right. The, um. I know that there was a specific statement in here I, uh, wanted to come back to, but I can't grab it real quick. Yeah, the. Here's. Here's what we get to offer you as we advance our own AI model is we are teaching it. So that means we are learning how to ask the questions that are relevant to you, the. The user of CBD products. Right. And so when I do research, I don't have to waste all the time going through things that aren't relevant. Right. I can just have it consume all that information for me and spit out what I need. The unique thing about AI is it could go through a hundred studies in a second. Uh, for me to review 100 studies, I'm, um. I'm. All weekend. It's. It's an all weekend project. Yeah. And then there you are with. And I've seen it like, 500 sheets of paper all over the place. There's yellow highlighter over here, orange over here. It's. It is a mess. So. And so this is a nice and easy way. Uh, we are learning how well he is much more proficient at AI conversations than I am. I'm, um, I'm learning. Yes, you are, absolutely. Um, but it's a great tool. Yeah. Uh, to help us get it into layman's terms for you guys. So we're not reading, uh, studies from, you know, the actual study and that. And then we destroyed the, the English language. Oh, of course. Yeah. You can always expect that one from me. I'm surprised I only slaughtered one or two words. But, you know, I'm actually going to say it's a good idea that FDA did this. We're going to say it. First of all, we're so thrilled that it's a study on humans. Yeah. And FDA funded. Right, right. Yes. So there was no argument. They said this was good science. Yeah, yeah. It was Bonnie Goldstein that pointed out, uh, I'm not saying it's not good science. It's not relevant, it's not useful, it's not helpful. Yeah. How about, how about we get something out there? I was done in 2003. Right. Uh, I mean, 2023. I did that again. How come there is not another one? Why didn't they take it to the next step? So I think one of my, uh, one of the things I saw was maybe epidiolex, which is a cbd. I say yes. And those children or individuals that are using the epidiolex for seizure control maybe are taking higher doses. You know what? That's a very, very relevant observation. And that's an FDA approved product. The only FDA approved product. So I'm sure they probably needed to do a little CYA and, um, maybe. I mean, that's the only thing I could think of was, you know, I think epidiolex is fairly high doses. Yeah. Procedure control. I think I'll look that number up for you. Okay, so, uh, let me just wrap today's show up. If you received information about this study in 2023 about increased levels of enzyme in the liver because of CBD use, you now have a perspective from FDA Dr. Bonnie Goldstein and us, uh, on the CBD ED show, um, what we believe is relevant information for you literally to take home, and that is if you are taking doses under 100 milligrams. This is. And it's not a CBD isolate. This is not an issue for you. Right. Unless you already have elevated enzymes or unless you have a. You are currently taking medications with a grapefruit warning on it. Mhm. Yes. And by the way. Always feel free to send your questions to us. We. We always love it, answering these questions. We do all this work, and we do it for you. So we love the audience and feel free. You have a question about, uh, medication or something in this discussion about these studies, please send us, uh, an email. And at info it's no, let's do. [email protected] team t e a m [email protected] that comes directly to me and Ed and I go over all the questions and answer them as thoroughly as possible. Yep. And if anybody wants access to Bonnie Goldstein's book, give us a, uh. Also send us a. A request, and we'll send you the link. Okay. Yeah. All right. Well, we enjoyed doing this show. We really appreciate you listening and following us. Thank you very much. And, hey, here's continuing down the road of. Your body can heal itself. Yes, it can. And we're going to help. Okay. All for now. Bye. Bye now.